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Intake

The Main goal behind tuning an intake manifold is to increase the volumetric efficiency of the engine.  The volumetric efficiency itself is a misleading term, in that it is actually a measure of the mass flow of air into the engine.  The volumetric efficiency takes into account the losses throughout the system from the air filter to the intake valves themselves.  With the right kind of components the efficiency can actually be greater than 100% due to the addition of a super charger or turbo charger which increases the density of the air charge going into the engine.  Volumetric efficiency itself is not a constant as the values vary for various engine speeds and pipe lengths